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Системная психология и социология » Английская версия журнала |
![]() ![]() FAMILY VALUES FORMATION IN POLYCULTURAL REGION
M. M. Bicharova, CIMRT, Astrakhan, M. S. Topchiev, ASU, Astrakhan,
The problem of the formation and preservation of the family is particularly acute for today’s Russian youth, because it is family values that form the basis of the civic position of young people. The family is one of the most important elements involved in forming the cultural security of the state. However, this structure is not always stable and, once formed, sometimes disintegrates. Understanding that family values learned from childhood lose their relevance, young families are forced to look for new behavioral patterns. The sources are popular information resources (newspapers, radio, television, the Internet), broadcasting ready-made tips, expert’s advise, Internet articles, thematic blogs, etc. However, the new mechanisms proposed by the mass culture and the information society, in reality, are often not confirmed by practice and are destructive for the family. In the framework of the system analysis underlying the research methodology, the characteristic features of the behavior of young people, related to their motivational attitudes and value orientations in relation to family, marriage and parenthood, were studied. In particular, publicly available data from statistical metabase sites in Russia were analyzed, and our own research was conducted on the impact of national and religious affiliation on the formation of family and other values. As a result, the main aspects of the influence of religious and cultural transgression on the modern family institution and mechanisms for the formation of family values were identified. Such factors as national and religious affiliation that could directly or indirectly play an important role in shaping these values were evaluated.
Keywords: family; family values; nationality; religion; transgression; frontier.
For citation: Bicharova M. M., Topchiev M. S. Family values formation in polycultural region // Systems psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 125–135.
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![]() ![]() THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL CONTROL IN SMALL BUSINESS IN A LARGE RUSSIAN CITY
E. N. Rychikhina, MCU, Moscow, E. V. Malinina, SGA, Vladimir
Development of small businesses in Russia requires special attention from the authorities. Therefore municipalities must create conditions to increase the effectiveness of their control system. This article reviews the main methods to advance the control system for small businesses at the large city level, as well as approaches to improve its effectiveness. As an example, the article reviews the situation in Vladimir-city. One of the important factors to increase the effectiveness is to develop a training system for entrepreneurs. In large Russian cities, including Vladimir, such system of education and re-training of the entrepreneurs exists already. However for the small businesses, this system is not developed fully, therefore it cannot provide a full support to entrepreneurs and their demands. Furthermore, the current methods of education are not aligned with the entrepreneurs’ requests, based on the research conducted by the authors. This articles outlines the development of the modular education system and reviews the content of the suggested modular segments. The authors noticed a weak marketing training of the entrepreneurs. Therefore authors highlight the importance of the training and overall suport. As a base authority level, the authors suggest the municipal financial department ‘Small Business Support Centre’ that can provide legal as well as marketing consultations. Integrated approach of the suggested methods will allow to increase the effectiveness of control of small businesses. This articles reviews an important criteria to assess the effectiveness of Vladimir’s municipality to support the small entrepreneurship. This criteria was prepared based on an analysis of the current Program to Support Small Businesses. The authors of the article suggest two ways to resolve the issues found in the Program: a) procedural, i.e. changing methods of development and approval of this Program, and b) contextual, i.e. various methods to increase the effectiveness of municipality’s control system. Outside of the city administration, the control of small businesses must be done on the community level. That’s why the authors developed and outlined the criteria to assess the effectiveness of small business control for the following areas: economical, consultation, educational, labor market, informational, organizational, infrastructural, social and psychological. For each of these areas authors suggest qualitative and quantitative indicators to assess the effectiveness of control. The results of control and its effectiveness will be higher if the effectiveness will be assessed by monitoring method. To summarize, the authors highlight that the effectiveness and the quality of system of social control of the small business in a large city will increase as a result of development and approval of such strategic programs that support the small business. The support from the municipality level must be provided at all levels and areas, including consultations, education, financial and information support.
Keywords: small businesses; the system of municipal control; large city; effectiveness of control; partnership of municipality and private sector.
For citation: Rychikhina E. N, Malinina E. V. The effectiveness of social control in small business in a large Russian city // Systems psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 112–124.
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![]() ![]() META-SYSTEM ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL-AND-ROLE-BASED FUNCTIONING IN YOUTH
Yu. M. Perevozkina, NSPU, Novosibirsk, F. Prusse, Ernst-Moritz-Aredt University, Greifswald, Germany
The article deals with the problem of role-based socialization in youth, that is the most active part of a society and they provides progress and innovative transformations in it. The aim is to reveal some principles of the structural organization of youth’s role-based socialization at the meta-system level. The term «role-based socialization in young people» is based on the standpoint of the meta-system approach, that acquires the status of structural formation of this system, and at the same time the status is able to influence all other levels in this system by regulating them. It is proposed, that a specific role behavior of a young person is determined by his needs, and this, in turn, means that roles affect young people’s socialization, providing a certain role behavior and activity within the acquired role in the social space. To proof the model of the role-based socialization in youth, the empirical study was conducted aimed to find out the impact of young people’s needs on their role-based behavior models and to explore the mutual determination between young people’s role models and their social functioning efficiency. The study was conducted on a selected group of students (N = 1287) aged 14 to 25 years. The final factor model of three integral factors of young people’s social functioning was obtained. The data on the statistically significant effect of young people’s needs on their role models (p ≤ 0.05) are given. A statistically significant co-variance relationship between the main roles and three integral factors of socialization (p ≤ 0.05) was discovered. Based on the results it is concluded that the level of involvement of young people into the social space depends on the role models that are determined by young people’s needs.
Keywords: role-based socialization in youth; role models; role behavior; system; meta-system; subjective well-being; social acceptance; social activity.
For citation: Perevozkina Yu. M., Prusse F. Meta-system organization of social-and-role-based functioning in youth // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 100–111.
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![]() ![]() PSYCHOLOGICAL IDEA IN PHILOSOPHICAL AND PUBLICISTIC WORKS OF RUSSIAN EDUCATORS FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE XIX CENTURY
D. V. Ivanov, N. A. Galyuk, NSPU, Novosibirsk
The article deals with the ideas of philosophical and psychological nature in the creative heritage of the major Russian educators of the early XIX century. The philosophical and psychological thought of the Russian educators, among them — the philosopher and lawyer A. P. Kunitsyn, the poet, critic and the philosopher P. A. Vyazemsky, the writer and diplomat A. S. Griboyedov, the historian and journalist M. P. Pogodin, contains the results of a serious methodological reflection about human nature, man, his place in the world. In their views, a person is a holistic entity, capable of assessing himself and his capabilities in his own life and creative work. Man is virtuous and intelligent, he is moral, capable of fighting for ideals and the possibility of self-manifestation. Positions in philosophical and psychological thinking of the Russian enlightenment can be seen and reconstructed in the context of cardioprotective principle and the principle of self-improvement, traditional of Russian thought, indicating a significant potential in the development of man and his moral, purely human nature. In their reflections, the Russian enlighteners of the early XIX century use the existing system of psychological concepts.Therefore, their heritage has become a kind of contribution to the domestic human studies, moral psychology, the very history of psychological thought in Russia, emphasized the «dialogue» conducted «through the centuries» by Russian thinkers about man. Creative heritage of Russian educators of the early XIX century shows a deep interest in philosophical and psychological problems in Russia, where issues related to the understanding of human nature remain until our time in the focus of methodological reflection.
Keywords: human nature; rationality; virtue; labour; fighting; a fighting man; cardiogenetics principle; the principle of self-improvement in psychology; humanities; moral psychology; system of psychological concepts.
For citation: Ivanov D. V., Galyuk N. A. Psychological idea in philosophical and publicistic works of russian educators from the beginning of the XIX century // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 84–99.
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![]() ![]() THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AGE OF CIVILIZATION: the XV century, the North Renaissance
B. N. Ryzhov, MCU, Moscow
The present article is the continuation of research devoted to system periodization of development of modern European civilization and the comparison of the stages of civilization development to the corresponding periods of a person’s life. The beginning of this research published in № 14, 15, 17, 19 of the journal «Systems Psychology and Sociology» includes the description of analogies in the psychological development of a child from birth up to the age of 13–14, and of the development of European civilization from the fifth century to the beginning of the fifteenth century. The present part of the work is devoted to the subsequent stage of ontogenetic and phylogenetic development with a view to describing the analogy between the psychological aspects of early adolescence and the particular qualities of art and culture of the early Northern Renaissance in Flanders, which at that time was the hub of the northern centre of European civilization. In this connection the characteristic features of emotional and personal development at the age of 15–16 are given, including the emergence of the sense of beauty and the discovery of one’s own self — which in this period acquires a holistic tone and certain features of realism. While admitting the revolutionary character of these changes — indicating the end of the epoch of childhood and the advent of the epoch of adolescence — the author notes the basic similarity of revolutionary processes taking place in the Flemish painting of XV century whose artistic manifesto became the famous Ghent Altarpiece. For the first time in the art of Western Europe admiration of the beauty of one group of images and interest to the sensuous reality of the other, characteristic of adolescent perception, were embodied in full effect. At the same time, youthful aspiration for truthfulness and self-knowledge found its reflection in the genre of the realistic portrait originating in the first half of XV century. Just over the period of several decades portrait art went from the first paintings of Jan van Eyck seeking to depict the texture and the social status of the model photographically accurately — to the works of Rogier van der Weyden, in the best of which an attempt is already present to portray the characteristics of the inner psychological world of a person pictured. Finally, the juxtaposition of cognitive activity rising sharply in early adolescence and Information Revolution following the invention of book printing in the middle of XV century serves as additional confirmation of psychological congruence of the considered epochs — that of a human life and — civilization.
Keywords: system periodization of development; systems psychology; psychological age of civilization; early adolescence; centers of European civilization; early adolescence; Jan van Eyck; Rogier van der Weyden; book printing.
For citation: Ryzhov B. N. The psychological age of civilization: the XV century, the North Renaissance // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 76–83.
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![]() ![]() HISTORY AND METHODOLOGY OF THE SYSTEM RESEARCH OF ABILITIES AND TALENTS AT V. S. MERLIN’S SCHOOL (FOR THE 120th ANNIVERSARY SINCE THE SCIENTIST’S BIRTH)
B. A. Vyatkin, M. T. Tallibulina, PSHPU, Perm
Introduction. The analysis of key studying stages of the problem of abilities and talents at the Perm’s scientific psychological school covering the period since the end of the 1950th so far is presented in article. The original position of the concept of abilities developed by the V. S. Merlin and also the results of later theoretical, methodological and empirical researches of abilities and talents which are executed according to V.S. Merlin’s doctrine about the integrated individuality of the person and reflection of the current state of the problem are presented. Methodology. It is noted that system methodology is at the heart of our approach of studying abilities and talents which have been developed at the Perm’s psychological school. Abilities and talents are considered in interrelation with properties of different levels of the integrated individuality which is the self-developed and self-organized system consisting of relatively closed subsystems or levels of the full big system «person – society», beginning with biochemical features and coming to the social position of a person in society. The submitted review of the most important results of researches of the general and special (professional) abilities and special talents undertaken by our psychologists shows specific features of manifestation of these phenomena in connection with age, sex and the stage of professional activity. Conclusion. The prospects of studying of abilities and talents consisting of the transition to a polysystem research of the integrated individuality, in various spheres of action, and the definition of the role of abilities and talents in the development of an individuality are presented in the article.
Keywords: system methodology; integrated individuality; abilities; talents; polysystem interaction.
For citation: Vyatkin B. A., Tallibulina M. T. History and methodology of the system research of abilities and talents at V. S. Merlin’s school (for the 120th anniversary since the scientist’s birth) // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 64–75.
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![]() ![]() THE INFLUENCE OF THE EMOTIONAL STATE ON THE PROCESSING OF EMOTIONAL INFORMATION
T. V. Pryakhina, RANEPA, Moscow, G. A. Mishina, RSUH, Moscow,
Introduction. Since the middle of the last century, the issue of the influence of emotions on the work of cognitive processes studied in psychology. There are two types of studies: the processing of emotionally stimuli and other research is the influence of emotions on attention, categorization, or creative thinking. As a result, there is the idea that processes such as processing emotional information can be mediated by the current emotional state of a person. This hypothesis confirmed, for example, in people with depression there is a shift in attention toward anxious stimuli in comparison with healthy people. Psychologists use various methods to assess the processing of emotional information (the paradigm of «rapid visual sequential presentation», «dot-probe task», etc.). Methodology. In our study, the hypothesis of the influence of the current emotional state (happy or sad) on the processing of emotional information (dot-probe task) is tested. During the experiment, the participants divided into two groups: each group was induced a certain emotional state with the help of an autobiographical method (people were asked to recall the «joyful» or «sad» event from his life), then it was suggested to pass the «sample with a dot» technique, emotional state was given a self-report. Results. With the help of statistical analysis, the differences between groups were calculated; however, none of the hypotheses was confirmed. However, the results obtained may be because the significance of this effect is weak and static power is not high. Conclusion. The autobiographical method of inducing the necessary emotional state is effective. This method may be used in further studies. It is worth noting that the procedure is simple for the experimenter. The use of dot probe procedure allowed us to develop a computer version of this paradigm, which makes it possible to further apply it. Obviously, the development of such experimental techniques is necessary because it allows us to study the role of emotions in cognition.
Keywords: emotions; emotional processing information; emotional attention; effect of congruency; task dot probe. For citation: Pryakhina T. V., Mishina G. A. Tthe influence of the emotional state on the processing of emotional information // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 55–63.
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![]() ![]() PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS
L. E. Semenova, V. E. Semenova, Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Education Development, Nizhny Novgorod
Introduction. The article analyzes the problem of psychological well-being of teachers of preschool educational institutions. The main approaches of modern researchers to the consideration of the phenomenon of individual well-being, its main characteristics and structure are briefly outlined and on this basis the question of differentiation of the concepts of «psychological well-being» and «subjective well-being» is touched upon. A General assessment of the degree of study of psychological well-being of the individual in the domestic psychology of recent decades is given. The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of psychological well-being of teachers of preschool educational institutions as one of the leading conditions of their successful professional activity and positive changes in the Russian education. Organization and methods of research. An empirical study was carried out to study the characteristics of some professional characteristics of preschool teachers with different levels of psychological well-being, which included two stages. First, a comparative analysis of the degree of expression of the main components and the overall level of psychological well-being of preschool teachers working in groups with children with developmental disabilities, and their colleagues working in groups without children with disabilities. Secondly, the comparison of the prevailing style of pedagogical communication and the status of professional identity in respondents with different levels of psychological well-being. Research result. It is established that for preschool teachers working with children with disabilities, unlike their colleagues working in groups without children with disabilities, are characterized by lower rates, as most of the main components, and the overall level of psychological well-being. The data testifying that for psychologically successful preschool teachers in most cases are characterized by the predominance of the democratic style of interaction with children and the status of positive professional identity, while their less prosperous colleagues noted the predominance of the authoritarian style of pedagogical communication and the status of diffuse professional identity. Conclusion. It is concluded that at a low level of psychological well-being preschool teachers are at risk for the manifestation of destructive styles of interaction with pupils and the lack of clear professional guidelines and a sense of satisfaction with their professional development. However, such respondents are a minority, while many preschool teachers have personal characteristics that allow them to meet the guidelines and requirements of modern education.
Keywords: psychological well-being; professional characteristics; status of professional identity; styles of pedagogical communication; preschool teachers.
For citation: Semenova L. E., Semenova V. E. Psychological well-being of preschool teachers // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 40–54.
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![]() ![]() THE TECHNIQUE FOR SYSTEM DIAGNOSTICS OF A PERSON’S MOTIVATION AND VALUES: M-TEST
A. N. Ryzhov, L. B. Smolovskaya, MCU, Moscow
The article is devoted to the description of a new psychodiagnostic technique for system diagnostics of a person’s motivation and values (M-test). The methodological background for the test is based on a system typology of motivation that allows to identify 8 special types of motivation, including 4 types of motivation for the development of biological and social systems (vital motivation, reproductive and cognitive motivation, motivation of self-realization), and 4 types of motivation to maintain the order in these systems (motivation of self-preservation, protection of «Self», altruistic and moral motivation). In 2010 year a system motivation profile Test (SMT) was offered, composed of step-by-step ranking of 32 values, correlated with the main system types of motivation, divided into 4 tables with 8 values in each. To expand the capabilities of the test, its modification — M-test — is proposed that allows to add the profile of a person’s values to his motivation profile and the coefficient of the retest reliability to the results of the study. Both types of the technique can be used in paper and electronic versions. The striking feature of the new test modification is the presence of the fifth table, that contains two values from each of the 4 tables, where the values received the highest ranks after the finishing of the basic testing stage. Thus, the fifth table summarizes the 8 most significant values for the person. The person ranks the values following the same logic as in previous testing version. Based on the results of this part of the work the structure of the person’s values is determined. The double ranking procedure of the most significant human values in the new version of the technique also allows to determine the retest reliability of the results. The validation test was carried out in 2015–2018 years on the basis of a comparative assessment of the students’ results at three Moscow universities (Moscow city university, Russian state social university and Moscow institute for psychoanalysis) and the results of expert assessments of the students’ motivation profile participated in the study. The curators of the groups, that accompanied students during their training, served as the experts. In total 610 people participated in the study. The correlation between the test data and the expert assessments was equal to 0.81, that indicates the validity of the proposed technique.
Keywords: motivation; motivation and values of a person; system psychology; motivation profile; values; the ranking of values.
For citation: Ryzhov B. N., Smolovskaya L. B. The technique for system diagnostics of a person’s motivation and values: M-test // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 26–39.
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![]() ![]() QUESTIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SYSTEMIC DESCRIPTION OF CULTURE
V. A. Medintsev, G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev
One of the possible prospects for the development of psychological science is the integration of the knowledge accumulated in it and the creation of a universal methodology for theoretical and experimental studies. The article briefly outlines the modern scientific context of integration in psychology, emphasizes the its implementation difficulties. The presented methodological positions of G. A. Ball and the author of the article concern with integrative problems and the prospect of the nearest stage of research. It is shown that research on the integrative-personal approach, the cultural function of psychological science and the systemic nature of psychological knowledge can become a theoretical basis for the methodological development of a complex problems of psychological knowledge integrating. The main results are embodied in the developments of: a system of concepts for describing culture as a modi structure and personality as characteristics of a personal psychological modus; theoretical and methodological tools for a formalized description of the interaction of psychological science as a culture modus with its other modi; method of the set-theoretical description for processes (ST-method) and its applications in psychological research. In order to substantiate and develop the concept of psychological knowledge integration on this methodological basis, it is necessary to solve a number of research problems. Among the priorities: to overcome the difficulties on universalization of the representation of scientific-psychological knowledge; to propose a version of the synthesis of the results obtained within the framework of the natural-science and humanitarian paradigms. The main question that must be answered when carrying out these studies is formulated: what methodological tool for a universal description of the objects of psychological research and the presentation of scientific-psychological knowledge may be acceptable to the psychological community.
Keywords: natural-science and humanitarian paradigms; psychological science; culture; modus of culture; formalized descriptions in psychology; psychological knowledge integration.
For citation: Medintsev V. A. Questions of psychological knowledge integration in the context of systemic description of culture // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). P. 14–25.
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![]() ![]() SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF SUBJECT CATEGORIES IN THE HUMAN-SCIENCES
A. A. Tyukov, MCU, Moscow
Introduction. Development prospects of the modern general anthropology are driven by attempts to reach a consensus for subject positions in the study of the human being phenomenon. As a basis for such a consensus, the authors consider the system analysis of the status and contents of the original categories and notions derived from the disciplines that comprise a complex of sciences of a human being. Methodology. The article investigates the prospects of integrating the methodology of systemic and integrative approaches to the system psychological sciences. In light of the modern systematology, systemic psychology by B. N. Ryzhov (1999) and the concept of integrative development psychology by А. А. Tyukov (1998), the article focuses on the contents and technologies of systemic analysis in all spheres of the psychological knowledge. The methodological principle of a systemic psychological analysis underpins a statement of the integrated perception of personal, mental and activity-related characteristics of a human being in their joint development and manifestation. In the systemic analysis, in terms of the interpretation logics, there appear layers and levels that are on a mutually reflexive basis reflected in the theoretical description of the system. The systemic analysis includes a description of processes, on the one hand, and of structures, morphology and material as a mechanism constituting the processes described, on the other hand. The essence of the psycho is determined as an endogenous, internal and subjective activity of an individual. Thus, individuality should be analyzed as an integral characteristic of a specific individual in the dialectical view of its development from birth to death. The idea of narrative psychology aims to offer a generalized systemic characteristic of the life history of a man. In addition, the tasks of such generalized suppose that a typological classification should be applied to identify specific individual features of a person. Conclusion. It has become possible to postulate a categorical nucleus of general psychology due to the applied psychometry of personal attributes of a man, its mind and abilities at every stage of its ontogenesis. Systemic typology of life activities, typology of mental activity in terms of mind scale, scope and speed, and typology of abilities for life activity as mastered and interiorized means of communication finally give a psychological characteristic of a real human individuality.
Keywords: System as an organic integrity; layers of systemic analysis; categorical nucleus of development psychology; systemic typologies; category of life activity; motivation; targeting; individuality as a notion of scientific psychology.
For citation: Tyukov A. A. System analysis of subject categories in the human-sciences // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 4 (28). Р. 5–13.
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![]() ![]() «SYSTEMS PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY» AUTHORS, 2018, № 3 (27)
ROMANOVA Evgeniya Sergeevna — doctor of psychology, full professor. Deputy Director of the Institute of Psychology, Sociology and Social Relations at the Moscow City University. Head of the department of General and Practical Psychology at IPSSR at the Moscow City University. Honoured Teacher of the Russian Federation, Honorary Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation. Laureate of the President of the Russian Federation Education Award in 1998. Laureate of the Russian Federation Government Education Award in 2009. Honorary Professor of the Moscow City University, member of the Presidium of Educational and Methodological Consolidation of the Universities of the Russian Federation. Honoured Worker of Higher School of the Russian Federation. E-mail: RomanovaES@mgpu.ru
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![]() ![]() FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF IMPASA-ROLE SOCIALIZATION OF YOUTH: METASYSTEMIC APPROACH
Yu. M. Perevozkina, V. G. Fedosov, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk, F. Prusse, Ernst-Moritz-Aredt University, Greifswald, Germany
The work develops the problem of impasa-role socialization of youth, being the most active part of society, ensuring progress and innovational transformations. The article purpose is determination of functional organization of impasa-role socialization of youth. The youth socialization is viewed in terms of symbolic interactionism. The particulate case of socialization — impasa-role socialization — is expected to be a system with integrated metasystemic level. A hypothesis resides in the fact that the wider and more sensible the complex of role imposits (basic role models) in the personality structure is represented, the more effective the social functioning of youth is. The experimental research which supposes studying of the experimental program influence (the purpose of which was the expansion of role repertory) on the effectiveness of social functioning of the youth with unsuccessful socialization is planned in order to provide the model empiric evidence. The research was performed on a number of students (N = 400). 98 students with unsuccessful socialization were selected on the basis of cluster analysis, and then were divided into two groups — control (N = 49) and experimental (N = 49). Their age range was varied from 17 to 25 years old. The methods for studying of the special features of socialization and role functioning of youth were used as the research methods. The data about statistically important changes in the display of role direction, coherence, position constriction, role conflict and special features of subjective well-being, social frustration in the experimental group before and after the influence of p < 0,05 (Student t-test and χ2 McNemar test) is provided. It is stated that youth role repertory expansion increases the social opportunities of the subjects in successful social functioning, which reflects the increase of general well-being, social involvement and subjective well-being. The impasa-role socialization is the system with open metasystematic level, which the unique role compositions determine the individual role functioning at is concluded on the basis of the results obtained.
Keywords: youth socialization, role imposits, role behavior, metasystem, role conflict locus, subjective well-being.
For citation: Perevozkina Yu. M., Fedosov V. G., Prusse F. Functional Organization of Impasa-Role Socialization of Youth: Metasystemic Approach // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 138–144.
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![]() ![]() THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IDEA IN RUSSIA IN THE LATE XVIII – EARLY XIX CENTURY. V. F. MALINOWSKI
D. V. Ivanov, NSPU, Novosibirsk
In the history of Russian psychological thought up to the present time there are still many “white spots”, many names without proper coverage of their creative and scientific heritage. At the turn of the XVIII–XIX centuries one of the important figures for the national psychology, staying, however, in the shadow of the ideas of its own socio-political thought is Vasily Fedorovich Malinovsky (1765–1814), a very prominent Russian educator, the author of the famous work “Reasoning about war and peace” (1790–1798). Malinovsky is traditionally considered to be a diplomat and a teacher. He is the first Director of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, teacher and mentor of the Russian genius Alexander Pushkin. The creative ascent of Malinovsky to the heights of life can be divided into three main stages. The first stage of his life is “apprenticeship”, the introduction to the philosophical and psychological traditions of both Western European and national social thought. The second stage is connected with his “service” to his Fatherland in the diplomatic field. The third stage, a small but very significant in the fate of this enlightener period is “mentoring”, where there are still, as the bibliographic analysis of materials about him shows, unnoticed his psychological views and theories, which became the basis for the understanding of human nature, and also his “Tsarskoye Selo” model of education of the individual. Historical and psychological reconstruction and psychological interpretation of Malinovsky’s treatises, articles and letters show the presence of psychological concepts that allow us to point that this educator had psychological views and theories relating to man, his interactions with the society of his kind and with the world. Malinovsky had formed a holistic view of the person, which was not limited to logical conclusions, as it was also based on figurative-emotional, ethnic, historical reflections. Malinovsky is a follower of the national “psychology of the heart” or a cardiognostic principle in Russian psychology, he believes in the virtue of a kind person and the possibility of his appropriate development and education. In human behavior the intelligence, sensibility and will are organically revealed. Human society is able, according to this educator, to form a virtuous world order, which is beyond envy, hostility and war. Malinovsky advocated for the priority of ethic values, where moral ideals and highly moral qualities of people are fundamental. People can fight for their own self-improvement and the society should contribute to it. With his views he supported the ideas of moral psychology, which was developing in the general philosophical and psychological reflection of the Enlightenment. The consideration of the system of Malinovsky’s psychological concepts shows the diversity of positions and interests of Russian enlighteners, helps to create a “smooth fabric” of the history of psychological thought in Russia in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries.
Keywords: moral psychology; cardiognostic principle; human nature; the system of psychological concepts; war; fighting; man fighting; intelligence; sensibility; will; “Tsarskoye Selo” model of education; virtue.
For citation: Ivanov D. V. Psychological Idea in Russia in the End of the XVIII – the Beginning of the XIX Century. V. F. Malynovsky // Systems psychology and sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 110–129.
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![]() ![]() INTELLECTUAL CULTURE AS A SYSTEM APPROACH IN EDUCATION
V. P. Ivanova, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
The application of a systematic approach to the development of the intellect and personality in their interaction made it possible to discover systemic qualities that were synthesized into a holistic phenomenon, designated as an intellectual culture of the individual. How Intellectual culture, being a psychological phenomenon, is systematically determined, and acts as a relatively independent system and at the same time, it enters as a subsystem in the structure of both the general and psychological cultures. Intellectual culture as a concept is quite often encountered in scientific research, but there is still no generally accepted definition of it, since each author uses it in a certain context (philosophical, methodological, pedagogical), based on his own positions, using his own cognitive abilities in defining his semantic loading. The study provides a theoretical justification for the category “intellectual culture”. The basis for revealing the psychological essence of intellectual culture was served by separate theoretical positions, which allowed to present it as a holistic phenomenon. The forms and functions of intellectual culture, as well as those based on intellectual resources, personal qualities, acquired mainly in the learning process, are defined and disclosed — all this in its interdependence determines the formation of the intellectual culture of the individual. A three-level structural hierarchical model is developed in which intellectual resources constitute the energy level as the basis for the emergence and development of intellectual culture, the knowledge level as the realization the previous level and as a result — intellectual and personal qualities. Intellectual culture is an integral system in which all its components are not only structurally interrelated, but also interdependent, which forms a network that changes even when one parameter is changed. For intellectual culture as a systemic phenomenon is characterized by internal dynamics of system-forming properties, leading to a change in its quality characteristics, that is, changes occur at the level of its essence.
Keywords: system; integrity; personality; intellect; basic intellectual qualities; intellectual culture; students.
For citation: Ivanova V. P. Intellectual culture as a system approach in education // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 99–109.
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![]() ![]() ISSUE OF DYSFUNCTIONALITY OF THE FAMILIES WHO ARE PARENTING CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY
T. N. Brazgun, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, V. V. Tkacheva, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow,
The article deals with the study of functioning of families with disabled children. The birth of a baby with a disability can be a traumatic event for parents and can have profound effects on the entire family. The birth of disabled children may affect such family functioning characteristics as cohesion, emotional bond, satisfaction, roles, communication, etc. It is essential that the specialists should be equipped the variety of measures to examined the interpersonal relationships, so that the psychologist can develop the programs to correct the destructive forms of relations. The authors present the program of family functioning studies and the results of functioning research of the families who are parenting a child with disability. In the study participated 30 families raising disabled children aged 6 to 14 years with moderate to severe mental retardation, motor disorders and autism spectrum disorders. In total, the study involved 98 people. The both of them adults and children completed the diagnostic tests and procedures to assess some general characteristics of family relationships and specific aspects of family functioning, such as dominance-submission, cohesion, communication, satisfaction, roles etc. The results suggest that family functioning when there is a disabled child might be injured as for the individual parameters and combination of parameters.
Keywords: family functioning; interpersonal relationships; family; disabled children.
For citation: Brazgun T. N., Tkacheva V. V. Issue of dysfunctionality of the families who are parenting children with disability // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 84–98.
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![]() ![]() EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT — A FACTOR OF WORK MOTIVATION
A. B. Karpov, NPF Materia Medica Holding, Moscow
The article is devoted to the problem of work engagement, it provides the literature review on this issue. The analysis of the literature reveals the discrepancy between a large number of different theories of motivation for the needs of modern organizations, the absence of a single universal theoretical model of work motivation, and a methodology that can measure the degree of work motivation for a particular activity in an organization. All this would allow the employer to create organizational mechanisms stimulating high labor efficiency. The concept of work engagement as a factor of high productivity of workers is introduced. The article presents the results of the study of work engagement of the employees of the pharmaceutical company LLC “NPF “Materia Medica Holding”. According to the results of the study there is a discussion of the patterns of the work engagement factors, subjective perception of the engagement of colleagues and objective engagement in different functional groups, as well as the relationship of engagement with the effectiveness of the employees and turnover in different divisions in the period before and after the research.
Keywords: engagement; work motivation; satisfaction; labor efficiency; turnover; business indicators; organizational loyalty; effectiveness.
For citation: Karpov A. B. Employee engagement — a factor of work motivation // Systems psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 74–83.
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![]() ![]() SPECIAL FEATURES IN DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATIVE READINESS FOR SCHOOLING IN PRESCHOOLERS WITH SYSTEM SPEECH DISORDERS
I. V. Martynenko, National Pedagogical University named after M. P. Dragomanov, Kiev, Ukraine, S. V. Kondukova, Kindergarten № 37 at the JSCo «RZD», Moscow
The article presents theoretical and experimental approaches to the concept of «communicative readiness», its content characteristics regarding the children of senior preschool age with system speech disorders (SSD) of primary genesis. The findings of the experimental study of the communicative activity in children of this category are described in the article. The review of the obtained results allowed the authors to conclude that the following components of communicative readiness for the school education were insufficiently developed: means of communication and communicative skills, stable structurally organized communicative activity, and personal communicative arsenal of the children with SSD. For the purpose of systemic intervention, the directions, stages and content of psycho-correctional work aimed at the development of communicative readiness of children with system speech disorders were defined. The authors also provide theoretical background for correctional and educational work with children directly, and with the teachers and their parents indirectly. Correction and developmental influence on the communicative development of children with system speech disorders of senior preschool age was carried out with the help of the three-component psychocorrectional work system, involving five stages of implementation: informative and activating; motivational and developing; productive and activity; verbal and reproductive; creative and transformative. Each stage is presented with detailed description of its content and administrative features concerning cooperation with the teachers, parents and children. The proposed psycho-correctional technologies were used to improve and develop structurally organized communicative activity of children of senior preschool age with system speech disorders combining its operational (communication skills) and personal (communicative features) components. The complex of the described components allowed providing comprehensive influence on the communicative development of the children with SSD, which, in the authors’ opinion, will allow the children to communicate successfully not only within trained situations, but also in the informal environment with peers and adults
Keywords: communicative activity; communicative readiness for school; children of the senior preschool age; the General underdevelopment of the speech; psychocorrection work.
For citation: Martynenko I. V., Kondukova S. V. Special features in development of communicative readiness for schooling in preschoolers with system speech disorders // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 63–73.
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![]() ![]() ASSESSMENT OF MEMORY IN TRANSIENT GLOBAL AMNESIA
I. Yu. Berezina, L. I. Sumskiy, A. Yu. Mikhailov, Sklifosovsky Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow
To assess the functional state of the basic systems of the brain and structures for the operation of the machines memory in patients with transient global amnesia (TGA) 12 patients (average age — 67,8 ± 9,9 years) with the presence of TGA episodes were examined. The control group consisted of 15 healthy subjects (average age of 30,1 ± 1,8). EEG and auditory event-related potential (P300) were recorded on electroencephalograph “Neuron-Spectrum-5”, the company “Neurosoft” (Russia). To localize equivalent dipole sources abnormal activity and the P300 component was used “BrainLoc 6.0” (Russia) [4]. The study showed that in 75 % cases, EEG in patients with TGA registered paroxysmal activity dominant in the left hemisphere with localization of equivalent dipole sources these oscillations in мedio-basal parts of the temporal lobe on the left, or submitted to bilateral, generalized discharges, mainly “sharp waves” with equivalent dipole sources localization of these oscillations in мedio-basal parts of the frontal and temporal lobes on both sides. According auditory event-related potential associated with the event celebrated the lengthening of the latent period components, N200, P300 and reduction of response amplitude in both hemispheres. Maximum extension of the latent period component P300 and the amplitude decrease was observed in the fronto-temporal leads.
Keywords: transient global amnesia; EEG; auditory event-related potential (P300).
For citation: Berezina I. Yu., Sumskiy L. I., Mikhailov A. Yu. Assessment of memory in transient global amnesia // Systems Psychology and Sociology. 2018. № 3 (27). P. 50–62.
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