SYSTEMS PSYCHOLOGY
AND SOCIOLOGY

  Просмотров: 1498

A FAMILY, MARRIAGE AND CREATIVITY IN E. ZAMYATIN’S LIFE

L. I. Bershedova,

L. P. Nabatnikova

MCU, Moscow

The article is devoted to the issues of a choice of a family-life pattern, emotional harmony between the spouses depending on the system influence of the parental family and parent-child relations together with an actual political situation in a society and different complex psychical status of personality on the example of E. Zamyatin’s life, who has left in his literature works some deeply fateful ideas for his grateful readers.

The article explains the role of the grandparents’ emotional relationship to their grandchildren for forming family pattern in grandchildren. This fact is also related to the issues of interpersonal interactions between the close relatives who perform the family patterns and transfer them through the generation. Grandmothers are granted a special role in children care: they also educate, support, assist and approve their grandchildren. The same was with Zamyatin’s grandmother, she took an active part in his (and his sister too) process of socialization. On the basis of these Zamyatin’s biographical facts can be justified the idea that any grandparent family acquires motivational value to build an individual model of the family for any future generation.

The meaning and significance of the family in Zamyatin’s life can be seen as a value since his childhood. The writer’s education was filled with understanding what is good and what is proper attitude towards other person. The family gave to the writer a strong sense of high responsibility for his life, choices, including his

marriage choice and the motives for his behavior. It was important for him and his wife to value their personality in each other giving the feeling of love, true matrimony and reliability to marriage and family relations. Zamyatin’s marriage existes as an open system that interacts with the literary community in Russia and Europe. Zamyatin’s and his wife’s loyalty and fidelity to each other can serve as a model of marriage and family relations for young people making the decision about marriage.

Key words: family; system; parents; family values; marriage; emmigration; personality; creativity.

  Просмотров: 2236

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IDEA IN RUSSIA IN 30TH YEARS OF THE XIX CENTURY. I.D. YAKUSHKIN

D. V. Ivanov,

NSPU, Novosibirsk

The article considers the main scientific views about an active conductor of ideas of the Russian enlightenment, decembrist Ivan Dmitrievich Yakushkin (1793/1794–1857), who «had become wise by his bitter experience» and contributed a lot to the development of Russian psychological thought in the 30-th years of the XIX century. Yakushkin is a prominent organizer of the Decembrist movement and he has remained in Russian history as the author of notes, articles and letters shedding the light on the Russian philosophy of the enlightenment epoch. The image of Yakushkin-fighter, his spiritual needs, remaining at a rather high level, despite of all life's difficulties, confirms his own idea about a human’s life force and his personal manifestation.

Yakushkin's views, reflected in his works, are interested to understand the common genesis of the development of Russian philosophical and psychological thoughts of a human, his capacities and ideals. Yakushkin considers the development of a man from the natural science approaches of his time. He sees a man in his unfolding opportunities ready to realize himself and achieve greater success in the development in comparison with the surrounding world of nature. A Russian thinker insists on the need of understanding the world of nature, whereby the latter is also able to know its own identity. He believes in «reasonable» man as a creator of culture, who is able to a social life. «Yakushkin's man» becomes a person, he constructs his life, struggles to achieve significant results in it basing on the experience of previous generations and his own. The story of one man's life becomes part of his people's history and the history of the whole mankind.

In the context of the history of psychological thought Yakushkin is the follower of the Enlightenment epoch – the philosophical century (by A. S. Pushkin), who considered the humanity (as well as morality) the top every individual will have to achieve.

Yakushkin is a close friend of the outstanding Russian philosopher and philosophizing psychologist P. Y. Chaadaev. Their dyad «Chaadaev – Yakushkin» has become important to understand the main achievements of the Russian philosophy and psychology in the 30-th years of the XIX century. The letters touching upon their scientific preferences and views are of great interest for better understanding of the history of psychological thought.

Yakushkin's psychological views allocated on the general background of his philosophical positions are valuable to our contemporaries in terms of their historical and psychological reconstruction and interpretation.

This article uses historical and psychological reconstruction, the bibliographic method, promoting the systematization of the basic materials and sources as well as the psychological interpretation of the ideas of Russian philosophers about human nature, a human, his struggle and the principles allowing the Russian educator to describe psychological phenomena.

Keywords: human nature; system of psychological concepts; scientific approach; personality; vitality; fighting; a fighting man; intelligence; sensibility; virtue.

  Просмотров: 1815

THE CREATIVE FEATURES IN STUDENTS WITH

MANUAL ASYMMETRIES AND HEARING IMPAIRMENT

S. S. Sharova,

College of small business № 4,

Moscow

Verbal creativity in high-school students (aged 15–21) with hearing impairment and manual asymmetries has its own features. All students were divided into 2 groups: left-handed and right-handed. This option has defined the following selections to be compared: students with normal hearing, students with hearing impairment, hard-of-hearing and deaf students. The research about the verbal creativity has revealed ambiguous results. The Fluency parameter decreases with the increase of loss of hearing, and often in left-handed students this decrease is more expressed than in their right-handed students of the same age. There is no clear distinction between right-handed and left-handed students on the Flexibility parameter, but at the same time Flexibility is almost twice higher in students with normal hearing in comparison with the hard-of-hearing and deaf students. The hard-of-hearing and deaf right-handed students obviously expressed a decrease by the Originality parameter. Among the left-handed students the Originality parameter declines only in deaf students while in hard-of-hearing students this parameter is higher than in students with normal hearing. There is a significant correlation between the level of verbal creativity and the level of hearing: the level of verbal

creativity decreases with the increase of loss of hearing. The profile of students’ verbal creativity with normal hearing and with impaired hearing differs — among the students with normal hearing the right-handed students have the higher level and among the students with hearing impairment the higher level is in left-handed students. Statistically significant correlation between a level of hearing and all parameters of verbal creativity has been revealed: the values of all parameters of verbal creativity decrease with the hearing decline. All parameters of the verbal creativity authentically correlate to each other.

Keywords: manual asymmetries; left-handed student; right-handed student; ambidexter, hearing impairment; normal hearing; deaf person; hard-of-hearing; verbal creativity.

  Просмотров: 2130

THE FEATURES OF YOUNG PEOPLE’ S USE OF VIDEO GAMES AND SOCIAL NETWORKS

E. S. Romanova,

S. B. Shubin,

MCU, Moscow

The article presents the questionnaire data showing the features of use of video games and social networks in young people. In total, 504 resp

years) participated in the study, among them there were 442 male respondents and 62 female respondents. All the participants were young people from Russia and Russian-speaking countries of Eastern Europe. A psychological assessment of the particularity use of video games and social networks by young people is done with regard to findings of the study. It is revealed that video games increasingly contribute to psychological addiction formation than social networks. The article shows the features of video games and social networks using by young people. It was also found that a significant number of respondents spend more than 28 hours per week for playing video games and more than 21 hours per week for social networks. The article presents data on the impact of video games and social networks on young people’s interpersonal relationships and their work activity. The young people’s genre preferences in video games are also revealed and the most popular genres are so-called role-playing games with a multi-user mode (Massively multiplayer online role-playing game — MMORPG). The most popular functions of social networking sites among young people are: communication, getting various information, listening to music, viewing video instructions and various videos for fun.

It is important to draw the additional attention of the scientific community to the problem of the addiction of some young people on video games and social networks. It should be mentioned that this research has shown the value of gaming achievements for particularly engrossed gamers can not only compete, but exceed the value of achievements in real life. The need to play and use social networks begins to be part of the basic psychological needs of young people. The above data should attract the attention to itself of such sciences as: psychology, pedagogy and sociology, and also stimulate further research into the psychological influence of computer virtual space on young people.

Keywords: video games; social networks; waste of time; adolescents; young people; addiction; prevention of negative consequences.

  Просмотров: 1999

THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL INTERACTION AND HOMESCHOOLED HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SELF-ESTEEM

T. A. Shilova,

L. I. Kostereva,

MCU, Moscow

The article discusses the problem of social interaction and high-school students’ self-esteem in a system of homeschooling. The issue of psychological support in the system of homeschooling is also presented. The attention is paid to the features of students’ interactions with teachers, peers and the role of the system of social interaction and its relationship to students’ self-esteem is also defined. The article presents the research data about communication attitude, self-esteem and some individual components of personality (such as introversion, self-confidence, self-acceptance and other) in eighty high school students aged 15-18 years, enrolled in comprehensive school and home-based education. The study has found several key differences in self-esteem and the level of sociability in high-school students and homeschooled high-school students. Homeschooled high-school students are prone to low self-esteem, lack of self-confidence and social withdrawal. They are also characterized by low-level of sociability and lack of communication skills to build a positive interaction with peers. The revealed results allow to define a line of work for homeschooled students’ psychological support.

Keywords: system and activity approach; high-school students; homeschooling; social interaction; self-esteem; psychological support; psychological counseling; developing communication skills; integration of students.

  Просмотров: 1418

ON THE RELATION BETWEEN THE MINDSET TYPES IN LECTURERS AND STUDENTS AND THEIR PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS

V. P. Sheinov,

Republican Institute of Higher Education,

Minsk, Belarus

The article describes the relation between the mindset types in lecturers and students and a list of their personal characteristics such as an assertiveness, a vulnerability to manipulation, a sociability, a self-confidence, a passiveness, a focus on imagination, a spontaneity and caution. It also establishes the statistically proven gender differences and preferences.

Key words: mindset types; personal characteristics; assertiveness; vulnerability to manipulation; lecturers; students; gender differences.

For citation:

Sheinov V. P. On the relation between the mindset types in lecturers and students and their personal characteristics // Systems psychology and sociology. 2017. № 3 (23). P.

  Просмотров: 1455

ON THE PROBLEM DEFINITION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERT OPINION ABOUT A NEGATIVE IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION PRODUCTS ON ADOLESCENTS: THEORETICAL ASPECT

E. S. Romanova,

L.V. Makshantseva,

MCU, Moscow

The article considers the theoretical aspects of organizing and conducting a psychological expert opinion about the negative impact of information products on adolescents. The article focuses on the importance of timely detection of the harmful impact of the information content (its components) on adolescents. The authors

emphasize the importance of taking into consideration the psychological features of children development when working on measures towards children protection against information harmful to their health and development.

Special attention is paid to the problem of creation of the complete system of valid indicators for the expert assessment covering the area of evaluation and analysis of information space, improvement of the professional environment, management and psychological mechanisms to produce safe information products for children.

The article presents the examination of information products that is regulated by The Federal law, and the psychological expert opinion of the information products that is implemented in the framework of a scientific research aiming at a psychological evaluation and analysis of the negative impact of information space on adolescents, psychological and pedagogical recommendations for the effective social-psychological solutions within the framework of public discussions.

The psychological expert opinion about the negative impact of product information on adolescents is a procedure that is revealed as a complex process involving different points of assessment including a harmfulness, danger of the information content. In this process also the following aspects must be considered: the content analysis of the information product, its main purpose and associated possible impacts and risks; specific features of adolescents’ perception of information products depending on the mental process peculiarities or the management mechanisms of perception; an opportunity to prevent and minimize detrimental information impacts on adolescent; development of tools and creation of conditions to ensure the safety of information space for adolescents.

In the process of organization and implementation of the psychological expert opinion about the negative impact of information products on adolescents it is emphasized the importance to stage and design a research, predict its results and management information received, and formulate suggestions and recommendations.

The article attempts to give a system representation for a psychological expert opinion about the negative impact of information products on adolescents to reveal the main ways to solve expert problems, methods of analysis and forecasting and decision-making.

Keywords: psychological expert opinion; harmful and negative impact; information products; information space; students’ individual psychological features.

  Просмотров: 1945

SYSTEM-STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF SELF-REGULATION BY THE SUBJECT OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY

A. V. Zobkov

VSU them. A.G. And N.G. Stoletovyh,

Vladimir

The article deals with a system-structural organization of self-regulation of educational activity. Describes a system-structural approach that allowed to determine and describe the components of the mechanisms of self-regulation of learning activities in different periods of person’s development from the adolescence through the youth up to higher studies.

Self-regulation of learning activities is a complex process of organization of person’s behavior to ensure sustainable and effective functioning of the person during training activities and the implementation of self-study and self-education. The development of self-regulation takes place at three interlinked levels: objective-psychological level (external or individual), psychological level (internal or personal) and integrative level (the subject level). At each of these levels the process of self-regulation of educational activity has a specific organization, but it is fully disclosed as a system on a subjective level only, that allows the person to explore himself in the totality of all internal and external communication components of self-regulation, their compositions, functions, dynamic manifestations and etc.

The article presents and describes the mechanisms of self-regulation of learning activities on the subject level of organization in the period of the child's learning in the seventh and the eighth grade (aged 13–14) during the transition period from the older teenage to the youth period of a study (aged 14–16); and in the period of training type changing from the school time to the higher studies, where a serious violation of the unity of the mechanism of self-regulation of learning activities is determined that is leading to two variants of self-regulation: a study-oriented and socially-oriented option. Thus the article describes substantial components of self-regulation at each of the marked age-related stages and also it presents a general model of self-regulation, that is shown in the form of a regulatory ring, where the subject’s self-esteem is the center core element (the ring) and it is leading to the implementation work in teachers’ and psychologists’ practice to diagnose and correct the process of self-regulation of the educational activity in students.

Keywords: structure; mechanism; self-regulation; systems approach; learning activities; self-esteem; students; adolescents.

  Просмотров: 1561

A SYSTEM STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY

Ryzhov B. N.

MCU, Moscow

The article is devoted to the justification of a system model of human personality, and this unified methodological viewpoint gives a description of its most important structural components. The author proposes a model of person’s social and biological status presenting a socio-biological ring or a run-up to personality providing the most important influence on all the processes occurring in it.

As a matter of fact, the personality structure can be represented as a series of concentric spheres concluded its intellectual, emotional-and-volitional and value-motivational characteristics. Each of these spheres contains several interacting layers in turn. The external layer is a component generated over the person’s lifetime and is accessible to his conscious control and regulation. The deep inside component consists of unconscious motives and genetically certain inclinations of mental characteristics of a person.

The first personality structure is the intellectual sphere of a person that is available to outside observers. It combines a number of hierarchical subordination of layers or levels, where there is the most profound level — the level of genetically certain system-psychological characteristics or inclinations and abilities. The next one is the level of aptitudes, skills and general and special abilities necessary to develop the skills, then the level of accumulated human knowledge is followed.

The following structure is the emotional-volitional sphere of personality. The volitional processes constitute the outer layer in this structural composition and that is directly associated with the intellectual sphere, while the emotional processes constitute the inner layer and these processes only partly amenable to conscious control.

However, the deepest level of the personality is the motivational sphere included values, interests, needs, hobbies and aspirations of a person and their

underlying basic structure of personality — its motivational core. Temperament and character fasten together all these structures through intra - and inter-sphere components.

Being built on a unified theoretical basis the system model of personality opens the possibility of creating a universal complex of psychodiagnostic methods with the uniform assessment criteria that allows to obtain comparable results.

Keywords: system psychology; system structure of personality; socio-biological ring; intellectual sphere; emotional-volitional sphere; motivational core of personality; intra-intrasphere personality formations; mental potential.

  Просмотров: 1193

CONTENTS

Theory and method of Systems psychology

Ryzhov B. N. A system structure of personality

Zobkov A. V. System-structural organization of self-regulation by the subject of educational activity

Psychological researches

Romanova E.S., Makshantseva L. V. On the problem definition of a psychological expert opinion about a negative impact of the information products on adolescents: theoretical aspect

Sheinov V. P.On the relation between the mindset types in lecturers and students and their personal characteristics

Shilova T. A., Kostereva L. I. The system of social interaction and homeschooled high-school students’ self-esteem

Romanova E. S., Shubin S. B. The features of young people’s use of video games and social networks

Sharova S. S. The creative features in students with manual asymmetries and hearing impairment

History of psychology and psychology of history

Ivanov D. V.Psychological idea in Russia in 30-th years of the XIX century. I. D. Yakushkin

Bershedova L. I.,  Nabatnikova L. P. A family, marriage and creativity  in E. Zamyatin’s life

Sociological researches

Ananishnev V. M., Yugay S. V., Ovsov A. P. The prospects of inclusion of Russian pedagogical universities into the global university rankings

Rychikhina E. N. The role of the school mediation services in the conflictological education

Information

The anniversary of academician of the RAS, professor Irina Petrovna Anokhina!

Authors of the journal «Systems psychology and sociology», 2017, № 3 (23)